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Enhancing the Quality of Indoor-Grown Basil Microgreens with Low-Dose UV-B or UV-C Light Supplementation
Controlled-environment crop production often weakens plants' defense mechanisms, reducing the accumulation of protective phytochemicals essential to human
Ernest Skowron, Magdalena Trojak, Ilona Pacak, Paulina Węzigowska, Julia Szymkiewicz
International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2025 · https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052352
Abstract
Controlled-environment crop production often weakens plants’ defense mechanisms, reducing the accumulation of protective phytochemicals essential to human health. Our previous studies demonstrated that short-term supplementation of low-dose ultraviolet (UV) light to the red-green-blue (RGB) spectrum effectively boosts secondary metabolite (SM) synthesis and antioxidant capacity in lettuce. This study explored whether similar effects occur in basil cultivars by supplementing the RGB spectrum with ultraviolet B (UV-B, 311 nm) or ultraviolet C (UV-C, 254 nm) light shortly before harvest. Molecular analyses focused on UV-induced polyphenol synthesis, particularly chalcone synthase (CHS) level, and UV light perception via the UVR8 receptor. The impact of high-energy UV radiation on the photosynthetic apparatus (PA) was also monitored. The results showed that UV-B supplementation did not harm the PA, while UV-C significantly impaired photosynthesis and restricted plant growth and biomass accumulation. In green-leaf (Sweet Large, SL) basil, UV-B enhanced total antioxidant capacity (TAC), increasing polyphenolic secondary metabolites and ascorbic acid (AsA) levels. UV-C also stimulated phenolic compound accumulation in SL basil but had no positive effects in the purple-leaf (Dark Opal, DO) cultivar. Interestingly, while the UV-B treatment promoted UVR8 monomerization in both cultivars, the enhanced CHS level and concomitant SM synthesis were noted only for SL basil. In addition, UV-C also induced CHS activity and SM synthesis in SL basil but clearly in a UVR8-independeted manner. These findings underscore the potential of UV light supplementation for enhancing plant functional properties, highlighting species- and cultivar-specific effects without compromising photosynthetic performance.
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How to credit this work
Ernest Skowron; Magdalena Trojak; Ilona Pacak; Paulina Węzigowska; Julia Szymkiewicz (2025). Enhancing the Quality of Indoor-Grown Basil Microgreens with Low-Dose UV-B or UV-C Light Supplementation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052352 Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Hosted by EVEC Athens (microgreens.org.gr). No changes were made to this article. Provided as-is, without warranties. EVEC Athens is not affiliated with, and this copy is not endorsed by, the authors or the publisher.
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